LET´S GO TO THE HIGH  SEAS  

TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL  INSTITUTION OF COMMERCE

VIRGINIA GÓMEZ    CIENAGA - MAGDALENA- 2022

 AREA:     ENGLISH                                                                       

NAME_______________________ GRADE 10         DATE ________________  

TEACHER: CARMEN ESCOBAR ACOSTA

INDIRECT SPEECH

REPORTED OR INDIRECT SPEECH IS USUALLY USED TO TALK ABOUT THE PAST, 

SO WE NORMALLY CHANGE THE TENSE OF THE WORDS SPOKEN. 

WE USE REPORTING VERBS LIKE 'SAY', 'TELL', 'ASK', AND WE MAY USE THE  WORD 'THAT'

 TO INTRODUCE THE REPORTED WORDS. 

(EL DISCURSO  INDIRECTO SUELE UTILIZARSE PARA HABLAR DEL PASADO, POR LO QUE

 NORMALMENTE CAMBIAMOS EL TIEMPO DE LAS PALABRAS HABLADAS.

UTILIZAMOS VERBOS INFORMANTES COMO  'DECIR', 'PREGUNTAR', Y PODEMOS USAR

 LA PALABRA 'QUE ' PARA INTRODUCIR LAS PALABRAS INFORMADAS.)

(DIRECT SPEECH) = SHE SAID, "I SAW HIM." = ( ELLA DIJO: "YO LO VI

(INDIRECT SPEECH)SHE SAID THAT SHE HAD SEEN HIM.( ELLA DIJO QUE LO HABIA VISTO

"SAY" AND "TELL"

USE 'SAY' WHEN THERE IS NO INDIRECT OBJECT: 

USA 'SAY' CUANDO NO HAY OBJETO INDIRECTO:

HE SAID THAT HE WAS TIRED.

ALWAYS USE 'TELL' WHEN YOU SAY WHO WAS BEING SPOKEN TO ( WITH AN INDIRECT OBJECT): 

(UTILICE SIEMPRE 'TELL' CUANDO DIGA A QUIÉN SE LE ESTABA HABLANDO (ES DECIR, CON UN 
OBJETO DIRECTO)         
 HE TOLD ME THAT HE WAS TIRED

REGLAS PARA UTILIZAR EL REPORTED SPEECH

PARA USARLO, TIENES QUE TENER EN CONSIDERACIÓN ALGUNAS REGLAS SENCILLAS.

REGLA N°1:

DEBES APRENDER QUE, EN EL REPORTED SPEECH, LOS TIEMPOS VERBALES CAMBIAN.

ES DECIR, EN EL DIRECT SPEECH O EN EL ESTILO DIRECTO, TODAS LAS EXPRESIONES DE TIEMPOS  VERBALES ESTÁN EN PRESENTE.  PERO CUANDO UTILICES EL ESTILO INDIRECTO O REPORTED SPEECH  ESTE VERBO CAMBIA A PASADO. SIN EMBARGO, HAY DOS EXCEPCIONES QUE VERÁS MÁS ADELANTE.  PASADO PERFECTO CONTINUO EXACTAMENTE LO MISMO, EL TIEMPO VERBAL SE MANTIENE IGUAL PARA EL DIRECT O REPORTED SPEECH. EXAMPLE  HE SAID “I’D BEEN WORKING HERE FOR YEARS BEFORE QUIT”. HE SAID THAT HE’D BEEN WORKING HERE FOR YEARS BEFORE QUIT. REGLA N°2: LOS TIEMPOS VERBALES DE LOS VERBOS MODALES, TAMBIÉN CONOCIDOS COMO MODAL VERBS EN INGLÉS,  TAMBIÉN CAMBIAN. COMO HEMOS MENCIONADO ARRIBA, LOS TIEMPOS VERBALES CAMBIAN UNA VEZ QUE SE PASA DEL ESTILO  DIRECTO AL INDIRECTO, Y LOS MODAL VERBS TAMPOCO ESCAPAN DE ESTO, EXCEPTO WOULD, COULD,  SHOULD, MIGHT Y OUGHT TO.   Tense Direct Speech Reported Speech present simple I like ice cream She said (that) she liked ice cream. present continuous I am living in London She said (that) she was living in London. past simple I bought a car She said (that) she had bought a car OR She said (that) she bought a car. past continuous I was walking along the street She said (that) she had been walking along the street. present perfect I haven't seen Julie She said (that) she hadn't seen Julie. past perfect* I had taken English lessons before She said (that) she had taken English lessons before. will I'll see you later She said (that) she would see me later. would* I would help, but..” She said (that) she would help but... can I can speak perfect English She said (that) she could speak perfect English. could* I could swim when I was four She said (that) she could swim when she was four. should* I should call my mother She said (that) she should call her mother might* I might be late She said (that) she might be late must I must study at the weekend She said (that) she must study at the weekend OR She said she had to study at the weekend * doesn't change. REGLA N°3:  LOS ADVERBIOS DE TIEMPO TAMBIÉN CAMBIAN. LAS FRASES ADVERBIALES DE TIEMPO TAMBIÉN SUFREN CAMBIOS. SUELEN   CAMBIAR CUANDO  HABLAMOS EN ESTILO INDIRECTO, NORMALMENTE DEL PRESENTE AL PASADO. ADVERBIOS DE TIEMPO ESTILO DIRECTO O DIRECT SPEECH ADVERBIOS DE TIEMPO ESTILO INDIRECTO O REPORTED SPEECH TODAY / TONIGHT THAT DAY / THAT NIGHT THIS DAY / WEEK / MONTH / YEAR THAT DAY / WEEK / MONTH / YEAR TOMORROW THE NEXT DAY NEXT DAY / WEEK / MONTH / YEAR THE FOLLOWING DAY / WEEK / MONTH / YEAR YESTERDAY THE PREVIOUS DAY / THE DAY BEFORE LAST WEEK / MONTH / YEAR THE PREVIOUS WEEK / MONTH / YEAR OR THE PREVIOUS WEEK / MONTH/YEAR NOW AT THAT MOMENT / THEN HERE THERE ESAS SON LAS REGLAS QUE DEBES TENER PRESENTE A LA HORA DE CAMBIAR TU   ESTILO DIRECTO A    UNO INDIRECTO.  ESTOS CAMBIOS LOS HACEMOS DIARIAMENTE EN EL ESPAÑOL, Y EL SECRETO EN  INGLÉS ES LA    PRÁCTICA.

                                                         

GOD BLESS YOU—DIOS TE BENDIGA

SUCCESS  - ÉXITO